MARTIN: Michael, what have you seen on your site? I know that you talked about the kind of - kind of the vitriol and hatred you were seeing on other sites, but what about on your own site? Thank you both so much for speaking with us. He's a faculty associate at Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet and Society, and we often call upon him to talk about some of the trends in social media.
He tweeted about the bombings more than 400 times last week, and talked about some of this kind of content. That's a news and entertainment site founded by Russell Simmons. We wanted to talk more about what this might mean, so we've called Michael Skolnik. But in addition to the useful information they gathered by these means, many Facebook pages, Twitter feeds, and comment sections of news stories have been littered with threats, slurs and hate speech directed at Muslims or anybody with a perceived connection to the suspects and a lot of that was happening even before they were identified. Both the Boston FBI and the Boston Police Department have chosen Twitter as one of their main ways to communicate with the press and the public. We'll find out more about Chechnya's history and politics, in just a few minutes.īut first, we want to take a look at the role social media has played in the investigation and coverage of the Boston Marathon bombings. So you might be wondering what, if anything, does that have to do with any alleged behavior that they were participating in.
The suspects in the Boston Marathon bombings have been identified as ethnic Chechen immigrants. Since most common web servers allow the keepalive entry by default, this is a relatively rare cause of error and almost always has something to do with a configuration error on the webmaster’s part.I'm Michel Martin, and this is TELL ME MORE from NPR News. If the option of the HTTP messages being displayed on the web server is deactivated, the connection setup fails, resulting in a 522 error.
Keepalive messages are disabled on the server side: Cloudflare uses the 'keepalive' header entry to maintain established connections over a longer period of time, improving performance. If there are discrepancies between the original server and Cloudflare, this often results in a connection timed out message. IP routing, which regulates the path of the packets sent through the various networks involved, is an elementary part of the content delivery process. Incorrect routing: Cloudflare must work beyond network boundaries to ensure that a website’s performance is properly optimized. Since many web hosts automatically assign new web addresses to the managed websites every so often and do not forward them to Cloudflare, the DNS setup sometimes uses an incorrect address. Any change to this address must be transmitted so that the CDN and server can continue to work together. Incorrect DNS settings: The DNS servers work with the IP address of the original server. Incorrect settings may also result in packets being deleted from within the original host network. As a result, connections cannot be established. Of course, the IP addresses of the performance service should be allowed by this service by default, however, sometimes addresses are accidentally or randomly blocked. Firewall is blocking the request: if the original server is connected to its own firewall, this can also cause a Cloudflare error. As with an ordinary server without a CDN, this sometimes results in an overload and a timeout when building TCP, if too many requests are to be processed at the same time. For certain requests from browser users (especially dynamic content), the CDN service must nevertheless contact the original server. Overloading the original server: Cloudflare does a lot of work for the original web server running the project. Since the communication between the web server and Cloudflare happens via the internet, an exchange obviously cannot take place. Web server is offline: the HTTP error 522 is often displayed because the contacted web server is offline. The most common reasons for the connection timed-out message are the following: There are various scenarios that can cause a timeout when establishing a TCP connection between the CDN service and the contacted web server. However, as with many similar HTTP errors, it is not so easy to name the source of the error directly. 
Contrary to what one would initially suspect, the reason for the 522 error occurring is not due to Cloudflare malfunctioning but rather to a server-side problem.
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